What's New in Alternative Wound Closure

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Will these devices supplant traditional sutures and staples?


First, a disclaimer on emerging alternative wound-closure devices: There is nothing superior to the traditional suture in terms of approximating wound edges. On this, plastic surgeon Richard Vagley, MD, FACS, of Spectrum Aesthetics in Coral Gables, Fla., is adamant. Still, Dr. Vagley is bullish on the latest wound closure technologies, 6 of which we profile in this article, that can come pretty close to the precision of a traditional suture in a fraction of the time.

And he isn’t the only one. Asit K. Shah, MD, PhD, an orthopedic surgeon with Englewood (N.J.) Hospital, is also encouraged by recent advances. “Wound closure has never really been improved upon,” says Dr. Shah, “and the bulk of major surgeries have simply been closed by staples.”

But there are plenty of compelling reasons to rethink this status-quo approach to wound closure.

  • Patient satisfaction. Dr. Shah recently surveyed his patients on wound closure, and what he found was eye-opening.

“There’s a real fear among patients about having these staples removed,” says Dr. Shah. “With a knee revision, we’re talking about 30, 40 or 50 staples we need to remove.”

In addition to reducing the need for inconvenient follow-up staple-removal appointments, the use of non- or less-invasive adhesive wound closure alternatives can also help with what’s often referred to as the patient’s “halo effect” or overall impression of your facility.

“If a patient sees the surgeon is on the cutting edge and using these staple-free devices, he’s likely to tell his friends and family about your facility,” says Dr. Shah.

  • Safety. “I was working side by side with a resident once,” says Dr. Vagley. “I zigged, he zagged, and I wound up with a needle in my finger.” Indeed, accidental pricks that occur with sutures are one of the top causes of injury with sharps among staff. Non-invasive wound closure products remove this sharps safety hazard. Plus, there are patient safety concerns with the more invasive traditional closure devices like staples. “With staples, you’re leaving little holes in the body,” says Dr. Shah. “That’s a possible source of infection. It hasn’t been clinically proven, but it’s always a concern for surgeons.”
  • Time savings. This is a biggie, especially for facilities that might balk initially at the increased cost of alternative wound closure products. Sutures and staples are relatively inexpensive when compared to alternatives. “You may be paying $20 for staples versus, maybe, $80 for some type of alternative closure device,” says Dr. Shah. “That shouldn’t be a prohibitive cost — especially if you’re looking at the big picture.” For staples, that big picture involves all the time you’ll save not having to remove staples from patients after surgery. Staple removal becomes like a minor procedure that keeps surgeons from seeing other patients, notes Dr. Shah.
  • Ease of use. Many of the closure products available are so simple and intuitive to use, surgeons can delegate the closure to a surgical assistant, something that becomes invaluable in high-volume facilities. “If you’re operating in 2 rooms at a busy facility, and you can delegate the closure to an assistant,” says Dr. Vagley, “there’s potential to complete more cases per day.”

“If a patient sees the surgeon is on the cutting edge and using these staple-free devices, he’s likely to tell his friends and family about your facility.”
— Asit K. Shah, MD, PhD

What to look for in a closure device? For starters, it should distribute the tension evenly over a wide area of the skin to prevent or limit scarring, says Dr. Vagley. You also want variable tension to reapproximate the wound edges if need be.

“I come from the school where I want my wounds to be semi-permeable, instead of watertight,” says Dr. Shah. “I like wound edges to breathe, so if swelling develops, there’s a pressure relief valve around the edge where oozing can happen and it’s OK.” OSM

ZipLine Medical

Zip Surgical Skin Closure
ziplinemedical.com
408-412-7228

FYI: It’s not a staple, a suture or a glue, so what exactly is the Zip Surgical Skin Closure? It’s a wound closure device that combines the noninvasive benefits of glue — via an advanced hydrocolloid skin adhesive — with the strength of traditional sutures or staples via force-distribution technology and micro-adjustable zip straps that look like tiny plastic screws and can be twisted to approximate the incision or wound, and readjusted as needed. The surgeon places the Zip on one end of the incision and pulls down toward the other end as he presses the ladder-like straps over the incision. He then trims off excess material, and tightens the incision to the ideal placement and approximation. It’s the only device in the wound closure space that allows for the exposure of the wound, says the company. Plus, for knee procedures, the Zip extends with the incision during flexion, which provides the compression needed to maintain wound integrity during a patient’s rehab or normal daily movement, says the company.

Clozex Medical

Clozex Surgical Skin Closures
clozex.com
781-237-1673

FYI: You can monitor the wound as it heals with Clozex Surgical Skin Closures, a clear, water-resistant adhesive that consists of a series of inter-laced adhesive pulling straps. The adhesive can reduce skin closure time by 50% while also providing high-level control and exceptional cosmetic results, says the company. It can approximate both sides of a wound at the same time, which ensures equal or symmetrical distribution of tension on both the product and the skin. Applied independently to each side of the wound, 1 mm to 2 mm from each edge, to allow for more precise placement and better skin alignment. Comes in a variety of sizes, ranging from 1 inch x 13⁄8 inch to 4 inches x 2 inches.

BandGrip

BandGrip
bandgrip.com
844-968-6322

FYI: BandGrip combines a clear adhesive closure device with curved micro-anchors that keep the skin secured during the healing period. The micro-anchors — tiny needles that embed the device into the skin, but not deep enough to cause the patient pain or discomfort — grip and secure the skin in place as the surgeon places the adhesive across the pinched/closed edge of the wound or incision and presses it firmly into place. You can “tile” BandGrip along the length of the wound approximately 3 mm apart.

DermaClip US

DermaClip
dermaclipus.com
713-682-3185

FYI: DermaClip is a non-latex, non-sensitizing adhesive strip with a clip attached that’s placed horizontally across a wound or incision to give apposition or approximate the edges of the wound. The company says it’s the only non-invasive closure device designed to both maintain wound approximation and create edge eversion (the ability to counteract a wound’s natural tendency to form depressed scars). The 2-sided closing mechanism provides equal tension on both the product and the skin, which reduces the chances of single-sided wounded closures. Can be used on long, short, straight or curved skin closures.

3M

Steri-Strip
3m.com
651-737-6485

FYI: While by no means new or revolutionary, we’d be remiss if we didn’t mention 3M’s Steri-Strips in a piece about wound closure devices. Steri-Strips are intuitive and cost-effective, according to 3M, which says its ubiquitous product is less expensive than the other skin adhesives, sutures or staples on the market, though it declined to give specific pricing info. The acrylate adhesive strips come in a variety of sizes, ranging from 1/8 inch x 3 inches (3 mm x 75 mm) up to 1 inch x 5 inches (25 mm X 125 mm), and come in units of 25 and 50. Steri-Strips are a non-invasive, hypoallergenic product that increases the tensile strength of the wound while reducing scarring, says the company.

Synovis MCA

DermaClose Continuous
External Tissue Expander
dermaclose.com
800-510-3318

FYI: DermaClose’s continuous external tissue expander lets surgeons reduce or reapproximate full-thickness skin wounds and incisions, eliminating the need for unnecessary skin grafts. The product features skin anchors, bridge tubing and a unique internal tension controller that maintains constant tension force, which eliminates the need to retighten the wound closure, and creates rapid tissue expansion and approximation through constant stretch stimulus, says the company. DermaClose is ideal for open wounds that can’t be easily or fully closed due to missing tissue and must be handled progressively in stages.

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